Carrbrook Bowling Club
	The Game Scoring The Footer A Mark
	The Jack Size and Weights of Jacks The Bowl Referees and Measures Manufacturers and Testers

The Game
1.1 - The game shall be played on grass, or on an artificial surface as approved by the B.C.G.B.A.
1.2 - The game shall be played by two players, each having two bowls, the players playing alternately until each shall have delivered both bowls, except in the event of the leader having forfeited his/her first bowl, in which case his/her opponent will then be allowed to deliver his/her two bowls consecutively.
1.3 - A bowl must be played at least three metres from the footer to count, except when an opponent's bowls are out of play.
1.4 - Before commencing play the number of points to be scored to make the game shall be fixed.
1.5 - Where more than two players take part in a game, these Laws shall operate when applicable.
1.6 - The 'entrance' (which must be near the centre of any one side of the playing area) shall be plainly marked.

Scoring
2.1 - The winner of each end shall score one point for each bowl he/she has nearer to the jack than his/her opponent's nearest bowl and he/she shall lead out the jack at the succeeding end.
2.2 - Only the winner of the end shall signal the result to the markers, who must sit together and initial each other's score cards every third end to signify agreement.
2.3 - Where the score cannot be agreed, it shall revert to the end where both markers show the score to be agreed as correct.

The Footer
4.0 - At the commencement of the game, the footer must be placed, by the leader, within three metres either side of the entrance to the green, on either right or left side and one metre from the edge and from there play shall commence.
4.1 - The footer, which shall be round, shall have a diameter not less than 128m.m. (5 inches) and not more than 154m.m. (6 inches).
4.2 - Every player must place his/her toe on the footer when bowling either the jack or a bowl and may retain possession of the footer until his/her bowl has ceased running.
4.3 - A player bowling the jack with his/her right hand must play his/her bowls with his/her right hand and have his/her right toe on the footer and a player bowling the jack with his/her left hand must play his/her bowls with the left hand and must have his/her left toe on the footer. Nothing in this Law shall apply to any player who suffers from a disability.
4.4 - A player must bowl with the same hand throughout the game.
4.5 - Should players not conform with Laws 4.2, 4.3, 4.4. then any bowl not so played may be stopped by the Referee and shall be played again. Should a player again transgress during the course of the game, the bowl wrongly played shall be deemed dead.
4.6 - At no time may the footer be used within one metre from the edge of the green.
4.7 - If a player takes up the footer after playing a bowl, which for any reason has to be replayed, or if the footer is displaced for any other reason during an end, it shall be replaced as near as possible to its former position.
4.8 - After each end is concluded, the footer shall be placed at the jack by the last player. The leader in the succeeding end may, however, before bowling the jack, remove the footer anywhere he/she pleases within the space of one metre from the spot where the jack lay at the termination of the preceding end, subject to the provisions of Law 4.6.

A Mark
5.1 - The leader shall bowl the jack to set a mark, the object of the players being to play their bowls as near as possible to the jack. To set a mark, the jack must be bowled and if it rests on the green, except as laws 5.2 and 7.12 it shall be deemed a mark.
5.2 - The following shall be deemed "not a mark":- If, after objection, the jack is proved by measurement to be less than 19 metres from the footer, the measurement to be taken from the nearest point of the jack to the centre of the footer.
5.3 - If, when bowled, the jack shall go off the green.
5.4 - If the leader in one trial shall fail to set a mark, his/her opponent is then entitled to set the mark with the same jack but not to play first at it. If the opponent fails in one trial to set a mark, the original leader shall then have one trial and so on alternately, until a mark has been set by one of them, the original leader to play the first bowl at it.
5.5 - OBJECTION TO A MARK Objection to a mark must be made verbally AFTER THE FIRST BOWL HAS COME TO REST. Any player objecting to a mark must raise his hand as an indication to the Referee that an objection has been made.
5.6 - If, after an objection to a mark has been made, it is proved by measurement to be a mark, the jack and bowl shall remain.
5.7 - If the original leader fails to set a mark and objects to the mark set by his/her opponent, he/she shall not be allowed to bowl his/her wood until the objection has been settled, and if the measurement shall prove that a legitimate mark has been set, it must be accepted. 5.8 - A tape or other certified measure (at least 19 metres long) must be used for the purpose of carrying out these Laws.

The Jack
6.1 - Standard jacks as defined in Appendix A shall be used in all Competitions.
6.2 - A jack must only be used for the sole purpose of setting a mark.
6.3 - DELIVERY OF THE JACK A player shall not bowl the jack without allowing his/her opponent the opportunity of seeing with what bias he/she bowls it and of watching its course from a point near the footer.
6.4 - JACK STRUCK OFF THE GREEN If the jack is struck off the green that end shall be deemed to have been played. Play shall resume one metre in from the point where the jack left the green, the same player setting the mark.
6.5 - JACK IMPEDED If the jack in its course is impeded in any way, or stops on the land of other players, it must under all circumstances be returned and if two jacks are bowled near the same place, the one that is last stationary must be pronounced not a mark and be returned, no penalty being incurred.
6.6 - JACK DISPLACED If the jack is displaced by a bowl or the jack of any other players, or by an exterior cause and the players agree to the spot of replacement, the end must be continued, otherwise the end is void.
6.7 - JACK OR BOWL IN DANGER OF STRIKING STILL BOWL OR JACK If a running jack or bowl appears to be in danger of striking a still bowl or jack belonging to another set, such running jack or bowl should be stopped and returned to be replayed.
6.8 - When, after delivery of the jack and a mark is set, the leader is prevented from delivering his/her first bowl through the tape being on the green during the measure of another mark, the leader may have the jack returned and again set the mark.
6.9 - If a player strikes the jack with his/her bowl, and the jack comes in contact with a bowl or jack not belonging to the playing party, or if it comes in contact with any person on the green, the end becomes void.
6.10 - If a jack comes in contact with a bowl belonging to the playing party, it must remain at the place to which it is removed by the strike.
6.11 - CHANGING JACK OR BOWLS No player shall be allowed to change the jack or bowls during the progress of a game except with the consent of the Referee and then only if, in his/her opinion, the jack or bowls are so damaged as to be unplayable.
6.12 - No player shall be permitted to play with bowls or jack which have a device for adjusting the bias, nor shall any player be permitted to alter the bias of bowls or jack, by any means during the course of play.
6.13 - No player shall deliver a bowl while the jack or preceding bowl is in motion, otherwise his/her bowl shall be deemed dead and must be taken out of play.

A Standard Jack
1 - Standard Jacks of 2 Full bias as approved by the British Crown Green Bowling Association, shall weigh a minimum of 567gms 20 ozs and a maximum of 680 gms 24 ozs and the diameter shall be a minimum of 95 mm 3/4 ins. and a maximum of 98.5 mm S 7/8 ins.
In respect of all Standard Jacks manufactured after 1st January 1994, the minimum and maximum weight shall be 653 gms 23 ozs and 680 gms 24 ozs respectively and the diameter shall be a minimum of 97 mm 13/16 ins and a maximum of 98.5 mm 7/8 ins respectively and conform to the agreed standard profile. Standard Jacks manufactured after this date shall bear the appropriate year as Law 5.
They shall be black in colour with white mounts and spots, white or yellow in colour with black mounts and spots. In place of mounts, composition jacks may have engraved circles of approximately the diameter of the mounts or spots and filled in the appropriate colour.
2 - The mounts shall be approximately 20 mm 13/16 ins diameter. The spots shall be approximately 6 mm 1/4 ins diameter and there shall be three spots on the non-bias side at a radius of approximately 19 mm 3/4 ins from the centre of the mount.
3 - They shall not be numbered or lettered. Evidence of ownership shall be made on the non-bias side.
4 - They shall be branded BCGBA and the Code letter of the Official Tester. All new Standard Jacks shall bear the manufacturer's name.
5 - New and renovated jacks shall be stamped with the year of expiry and for this purpose the year shall be reckoned from 1st October to 30th September the next year. (i.e. jacks manufactured or re-tested between 1st October and 31st December will bear the stamp of expiry from the the following year). All jacks shall be re-tested at not more than seven yearly intervals.

The Bowl
7.1 - A bowl shall not weigh less than 2lb.
7.2 - A player must not approach nearer than one metre to a running bowl nor follow it up in such a manner as to obstruct the view of his/her opponent. If he/she offends the bowl shall be taken out of play and in the case of a further offence, his/her bowls shall be taken off the green and the game awarded to his/her opponent, the defaulter to receive no score.
7.3 - A player must not endeavour to accelerate or to impede its progress. If he/she offends the bowl shall be taken out of play and in the case of a further offence, his/her bowls shall be taken off the green and the game awarded to his/her opponent, the defaulter to receive no score.
7.4 - RUNNING BOWL IMPEDED If a running bowl is impeded in any way, other than by either player, it must be played again. If a running bowl is impeded by either player, both the offending player's bowls shall be forfeited at the end concerned.
7.5 - If the leader's first bowl is impeded, he/she may, if he/she so desires, have the jack returned to him/her to set another mark.
7.6 - If a running bowl comes into contact with the jack or any of the bowls in the set, such jack and/or bowls remain where they stop.
7.7 - PLAYING OUT OF TURN If a bowl is played out of turn it must be returned and played again in its proper turn.
7.8 - PLAYING A BOWL OTHER THAN THE PLAYERS OWN If a bowl other than the player's own is delivered, whether by mistake or otherwise, it shall be deemed a dead bowl to that player and be returned to the proper owner to be played, the defaulter losing one of his/her bowls as a penalty. If however, the jack or a bowl already played is disturbed by the bowl wrongly played, it shall be replaced as nearly as possible in its original position.
7.9 - DISTURBING A STILL BOWL If a still bowl is disturbed by any person other than the players concerned, or by a bowl or jack of any other players it must be replaced as near as possible to its original position but should either player touch or displace a still bowl before the end is completed, both the offending players bowls shall be forfeited at the end concerned.
7.10 - BOWL FALLING FROM A PLAYER'S HAND If a player has taken up his/her position and a bowl falls from his/her hand (even by accident) and runs so far that he/she cannot recover it without quitting the footer, such bowl shall be considered dead and must be taken out of play.
7.11 - BLOCKING OPPONENT'S COURSE A player may play his/her bowl so as to block his/her opponent's course whenever he/she thinks proper, but he/she must not play his/her bowl a less distance than three metres from the footer, otherwise it shall be deemed dead and must be taken out of play. A bowl must be played, not placed, or it becomes a dead bowl.
7.12 - DEAD BOWLS A bowl or jack played or struck off the green or prevented from going off by resting against anything at the edge or in the channel, shall be dead.
7.13 - MOVING JACK OR BOWLS BEFORE OPPONENT AGREES At the conclusion of an end, neither the jack, nor a bowl claimed to count, may be moved without the consent of the opponent, until the points are counted and both players are satisfied, otherwise the opponent shall score one point for each of his/her bowls in play.
7.14 - A player, when at the end where the jack lies, must not stand directly behind the jack or obstruct the view of his/her opponent.

Referees and Measurers
8.1 - INSTRUCTIONS TO REFEREES AND MEASURERS The Referee or Measurers are not permitted to place either his/her thumb or finger on either the jack or bowl when measuring an end.
8.2 - No measuring is permitted until the end is finished.
8.3 - In the event of the displacement of the jack or bowl during a measure the points already given shall count.
8.4 - When an end is being measured, all players should stand away and not interfere with the actions of either the Referee or Measurer(s).
8.5 - When measuring, the adjustable end of the pegs or permitted metal measures as approved by the British Crown Green Bowling Association must be taken to the jack.
8.6 - DISPLACING JACK OR BOWL DURING A MEASURE If, during a measure, the jack or bowl is displaced by a player, he/she shall lose the point claimed.
8.7 - BOWL RESTING ON ANOTHER When a bowl rests on another, or is touching the jack and the bowl rested on has to be removed to allow a measure, it must be removed by the Referee and the measure made after such removal.
8.8 - REFEREE NOT TO WAIT FOR AN OBJECTION Referees are instructed to insist on, and see that, the games are carried out strictly in accordance with the Laws of the Game.
8.9 - No person, other than the players and the Referee, are allowed on the green, except Measurers when their services are required.
8.10 - REFUSAL OR INABILITY TO CONTINUE THE GAME If, after commencing a game, any player shall refuse or is unable to continue, the Referee shall decide upon the point at issue.
8.11 - Should a player leave the green without informing his/her opponent and obtaining the permission of the Referee, he/she shall forfeit the game, no score to be given.
8.12 - Any incident which necessitates a player having to stop play or leave the green and being unable to resume before the finish of the match, his/her opponent shall receive the maximum points and the score of the player who left the green to remain as it stood, but in the case of refusal of a player to continue the game, his/her opponent shall be awarded the maximum score and he/she shall receive no score.
8.13 - UNGENTLEMANLY AND UNLADYLIKE CONDUCT In the case of a wilful breach of the Laws of the Game or any unfair play or unsporting conduct, the Referee may caution the offending players or spectators or order them to retire from the game or green and, in the case of a player, no substitute shall be allowed to take his/her place. The game shall be awarded to his/her opponent, who will receive the maximum score and the offending player to receive no score. If a player receives a second caution, he/she shall forfeit the game, his/her opponent receiving the maximum score and the offending player to receive no score.
8.14 - BAD LIGHT AND POSTPONEMENT OF GAME If, during the course of a game, it becomes so dark that the jack cannot be distinctly seen from the footer, any player may have a light exhibited at the jack if he/she so requests, or he/she may appeal to the Referee, whose decision shall be final, for the game to be postponed. In the event of a postponement, owing to the above cause or any other unforseen circumstances, the points scored by each player shall count and the position of the jack shall be marked.
8.15 - WARNINGS BEFORE STRIKING All players are required to give a verbal warning and to take every precaution before striking to eliminate the possibility of causing injury to other players, Referees, Measurers and spectators, by being struck with bowls or jack. A player shall receive a caution for a first transgression of this law and for a second offence, the game shall be forfeited and awarded to the opponent who shall receive the maximum score, the defaulter no score.
8.16 - ALTERATIONS OF LAWS The British Crown Green Bowling Association is the interpreter of these Laws, and from its decision there shall be no appeal either at Law or otherwise. None of these Laws shall be altered except as provided by the Association's Bye-Laws numbered 16 and 17 for the alteration of Rules and Bye-Laws.
8.17 - DISPUTE NOT PROVIDED FOR IN THE LAWS Any dispute arising which is not provided for in the foregoing Laws, shall be decided by the Referee, whose decision shall be final.

Mobile Phones and Pagers
9.1 Mobile phones or pagers in active mode are not allowed on the green. Any player failing to comply will receive no score with his opponent receiving maximum score.
ADDENDUM TO LAWS.
It is recommended that smoking is not allowed whilst participating or officiating on the green in the game of Crown Green bowls.

Manufacturers and Testers
The following Companies are the officially appointed Standard Jack Makers and Bias Testers to the British Crown Green Bowling Association.	Code
Thomas Taylor (Bowls) Ltd, Glasgow	Letter A
Henselite (UK) Ltd, Cumbernauld, Scotland	Letter N
E.A.Clare and Son Ltd, Liverpool	Letter X
2 Up Crown Green Bowls	Letter F
Testers Only
Premier Bowls, Stockport	Letter C
Pershore Bowls Centre	Letter D
Thos.Padmore and Sons Ltd, Birmingham	Letter G
Swallows of Warrington (Bowls)	Letter H
Crown Sports Ltd, Dewsbury	Letter L
K and S Ltd, Chester	Letter M
Exhall Bowling Services, Coventry	Letter V

Approved Measures
The following are approved by the B.C.G.B.A. as measures in accordance with the Laws of the Game
1. Any Crown Green metal measure.
2. Any form of String measure.
3. Any telescopic measure.
4. Calipers.
5. Feeler gauges.